As a cell gets larger, the volume of the cell increases more faster than the the surface area. Cells are more efficient if they're smaller because if a cell gets too large, the inner workings don't function as well. It's more difficult to perform transport within the cell and the food and waste needed to be taken in and expelled is more difficult when the cell is too large.

As a cell gets larger, the volume of the cell increases more faster than the the surface area. Cells are more efficient if they're smaller because if a cell gets too large, the inner workings don't function as well. It's more difficult to perform transport within the cell and the food and waste needed to be taken in and expelled is more difficult when the cell is too large.

Increases

Let's say you have a cell, a cell in the form of a cube. Let's also say that each square of the cube is 1 unit by 1 unit. That would make the surface area equal to 6. (6 x (1x1)= surface area) The volume of the cube, length x width x height would be just 1 unit cubed. (1x1x1)
Now, let's say each square of the cube is 2 units by 2 units. Now, the surface area is 6 x (2x2), making 24 units squared. The volume would be 2x2x2, equalling eight units cubed.
The ratio has changed from 6:1 to 24:8 (3:1). As a cell gets larger, the volume of the cell increases more faster than the the surface area. Cells are more efficient if they're smaller because if a cell gets too large, the inner workings don't function as well. It's more difficult to perform transport within the cell and the food and waste needed to be taken in and expelled is more difficult when the cell is too large.