He belonged to Al-Jazirathe traditional Arabic name for what was northern Mesopotamia and what is now south-Eastern Turkey , between the Tigris and the Euphrates.

Badi'al-Zaman Ab al-'Izz Ism'l ibn al-Razz al-Jazar (11361206) (Arabic: ) was a Muslim polymath: a scholar, inventor, mechanical engineer, craftsman, artist, mathematician and astronomer from Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia, who lived during the Islamic Golden Age (Middle Ages). He is best known for writing the Al-Jami Bain Al-Ilm Wal-Amal Al Nafi fi sina'at Al-Hiyal (The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices) in 1206, where he described fifty mechanical devices along with instructions on how to construct them.

Badi'al-Zaman Ab al-'Izz Ism'l ibn al-Razz al-Jazar (11361206) (Arabic: ) was a Muslim polymath: a scholar, inventor, mechanical engineer, craftsman, artist, mathematician and astronomer from Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia, who lived during the Islamic Golden Age (Middle Ages). He is best known for writing the Al-Jami Bain Al-Ilm Wal-Amal Al Nafi fi sina'at Al-Hiyal (The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices) in 1206, where he described fifty mechanical devices along with instructions on how to construct them.
Camshaft
The camshaft, a shaft to which cams are attached, was first introduced in 1206 by al-Jazari, who employed them in his automata,[7] water clocks (such as the candle clock)[8] and water-raising machines.[7] The cam and camshaft later appeared in European mechanisms from the 14th century.[9]
[edit]Crankshaft and crank-slider mechanism
The eccentrically mounted handle of the rotary handmill in 5th century BC Spain that spread across the Roman Empire constitut ...more

Northern Mesopotamia